As Catholic Bishops defend their influence in schools, reformers wonder whether the curriculum has too much religion.
The
place of religion in schools is likely to be a hot issue for a new
Education Minister when he or she takes up their post after the
election.
With the Catholic Church set to give up control of many
of its primary schools, there is likely to be controversy about how
religion is taught.
At the recent Joint Oireachtas Committee on
Education, Labour's education spokesman Ruairi Quinn, one of the
front-runners to be the next minister, hinted that too much time was
being spent on religion in schools.
He asked whether it was time to reconsider the 2.5 hours spent on religion every week following Ireland's recent poor scores in literacy and maths in the international PISA survey.
Ireland spends the highest percentage of class time on religion in the OECD table of developed countries at both primary and second levels.
At second level, the amount of instruction time devoted to matters of the spirit is 9% -- three times the OECD average.
At primary level, 10% of class time is spent on religion, over double the amount in other OECD countries.
The
Catholic Bishop of Achonry Brendan Kelly has dismissed the links made
by Ruairi Quinn between these poor scores and the amount of time
devoted to faith formation and Irish in schools as "spurious''.
At
the recent launch of Catholic Schools Week, he said: "The suggestion
seemed to be that it was time, perhaps, to drop Irish and religion from
the curriculum, that somehow that was the remedy for the falling
standards in maths and literacy."
The Bishop asked: "Are we to
exclude the things that move our hearts most deeply and form the
pillars of our Irish character and culture and conscience from our
schools?''
At present 90% of primary schools in the country are
under Catholic patronage.
Pupils are given faith-formation classes
during school hours.
Parents have a right to withdraw children from
religion classes, but this is not always practical.
The recently
reported case of Martijn Leenheer, an irate father in Leitrim, who
withdrew his son Finn from Drumlease Primary School when he discovered
that he was reciting prayers, highlighted how religion can become a
flashpoint.
The influence of the Catholic church on education was
also raised in a recent inspection report by the Teaching Council of
Mary Immaculate Teacher Training College in Limerick.
It noted that
the time allocated for religion in the college was four times that for
science.
The Catholic Church has agreed that it will have to give
up control of many of its primary schools.
But there is still likely
to be controversy about how religion will be taught in the new types
of multi-denominational school that are likely to emerge.
The
key question is: should children be given religious instruction inside
school hours as part of the curriculum, or outside school hours?
The
fast-growing Educate Together national schools have taken the second
approach.
In place of faith formation, students follow an Ethical
Education Curriculum, where they learn about different religions and
belief systems.
Under this system, religious instruction by specific churches takes place outside school hours.
A second type of multi-denominational primary school has emerged under the patronage of the Vocational Education Committees.
At
five VEC Community National Schools, pupils follow a common religious
programme -- "Goodness Me, Goodness You" ( nicknamed in some quarters
"Goodness, Gracious Me").
The children are taught together most of the time, using stories, songs and poems from a number of religions.
At
other times, children are divided into two groups. One group, which
includes Christians and Muslims, say prayers to God.
A second group,
including Buddhists and Atheists, spends this time meditating on the
lesson.
Many of the new primary schools that are opening across
the country follow a multi-denominational model, but there are
concerns that teacher training has failed to keep up with the pace of
change.
At present all the teacher-training colleges apart from the online Hibernia College are organised along religious lines.
Until
recently there was little or no training of teachers in education
colleges for the ethical programmes in the fast-growing
multi-denominational sector.
But that is now changing.
For the
first time ever, St Patrick's College, Drumcondra, is allowing trainee
teachers to take a course entitled Ethics and Education as an
alternative to Religious Education.
Emer Nowlan, head of
education at Educate Together, said: "We welcome this historic
development and look forward to working with the college to develop
and deliver the course."
Michael Moriarty, General Secretary of Irish Vocational Education Association, said the training colleges need to adapt.
"We
need to take into account the changing mores of society. When
teachers are being trained, there needs to be a much more integrated
approach so that they are prepared for different types of schools.''
A
survey by the INTO almost a decade ago showed that only 36% of primary
teachers were in favour of continuing with denominational training of
teachers while 46% were against.